Content

Geopolitics  and  patriotic  education
Motkin V.N., Kurmyshkina O.N. The Cossacks of Mordovia in the socio-political and cultural life of the region	9
Gavrilyuk N.P., Sorochan V.V. Development models of the union state in the conditions of military and technical cooperation between Russia and Belarus	15
Mihailova N.V. Artistic word and authenticity of history	21
Gasanova R.S. The state policy of the USSR in the fight against alcoholism and drunkenness in the second half of the twentieth century	26
Historical  sciences
Brebdane A.M. China’s cultural soft power in the Arab world	35
Gavrilyuk N.P., Makarova E.M. Practice and trends in building economic relations between Russia and Belarus in the conditions of formation and development of the union state	42
Singuwa Chimuka The problems of cross-border migration in the context of SADC regional integration	50
Rodeh Horieh Migration flows from Syria: causes, consequences, forecasts	58
Khubulova E.V., Dzakhova L.H., Khubulova S.A. Small towns of North Ossetia as a phenomenon of the Soviet Era (to the formulation of the problem)	64
Jin Lipeng Study on the development of Luoyang palace city in Han and Wei dynasties	71
Shpakovskaya M.A., Nuri Asadulla Development of relations between Afghanistan and India: main directions and trends (2001-2016)	81
Zhao Dongxu Military-political cooperation between Russia and China in 1991-2020	91
Ndongo Nlate Jean Martial Russia’s diplomacy of education in Africa: the case of the People’s Friendship University (RUDN)	97
Shpakovskaya M.A., Ponka T.I., Chan Zuy Tkhan Vietnamese-Chinese cooperation in the field of international security	104
Abstracts	117
Authors	125

 

 

Abstracts

Motkin V.N.
Kurmyshkina O.N.

The Cossacks of Mordovia in the socio-political and cultural life of the region

The article presents the activities of the Cossack associations of the Republic of Mordovia through the prism of the implementation of the main directions of the Strategy of the state policy of the Russian Federation in relation to the Russian Cossacks for 2021-2030. The Cossacks are included in the structure of modern Russian society in two ways. The traditional way is to obtain the status of a registered status within the framework of public service (military service, law enforcement). The second way: active participation in various spheres (socio-ecological, agricultural, cultural and educational spheres) of the regional and national space. The activities of the Cossacks associated with the expansion of social influence are supported by both federal and regional authorities. but they are limited by the activities of market institutions and the crisis uneven development of the regional community.
The authors describe the structure of the regional Cossacks, give characteristics of the main Cossack societies of Mordovia. The main directions of activity of Cossack associations in the region of atypical residence of the Cossacks are analyzed. The interaction of the Cossacks of Mordovia with the main social and political institutions is described. The results of a sociological study conducted by the Scientific Center for Socio-Economic Monitoring are presented. The study revealed an assessment of the significance of the Cossacks of Mordovia from the point of view of experts, the population and the Cossacks themselves. Coincidences and differences were revealed in the studied groups . The authors identified popular events held by Cossack societies in the Republic of Mordovia.
Keywords: сossacks, сossack associations, traditional сossack culture, cossack youth, сossack education, spiritual and moral traditions of the сossacks.

 

Gavrilyuk N.P.
Sorochan V.V.

Development models of the union state in the conditions of military and technical cooperation between Russia and Belarus

The article attempts to analyze the general trends and practices of interaction between the two state entities within the framework of the Union State, to trace in more detail the features of building relations in matters of military-technical cooperation. In the context of the formation of a new world order and the definition of priorities for cooperation with representatives of the West and the East, the emphasis is on the prerequisites for building stable relations between Russia and Belarus, on the influence of foreign policy and international factors when signing various agreements on cooperation and integration.
Keywords: Republic of Belarus, Union State, integration processes, interstate cooperation, military cooperation, CSTO, "Union Resolve".

 

Mihailova N.V.

Artistic word and authenticity of history

The publication of a new book is always an event. The monograph of Svetlana Georgievna Galaganova is distinguished by precisely such clarity, which has long been in demand, - judgments, assessments, conclusions. Judgments are explained, estimates are reasoned, conclusions are supported by statistical data, references to legislative acts, eyewitness accounts.
Keywords: history, authenticity, consciousness, development, word, language, assessment, truth.

 

Gasanova R.S.

The state policy of the USSR in the fight against alcoholism and drunkenness in the second half of the twentieth century

The article discusses the main points of anti-alcohol companies in the USSR in the second half of the twentieth century. The analysis of the reasons, goals and objectives set by the state for the implementation of the anti-drunkenness program is carried out. The results of the consequences of the anti-alcohol company of the second half of the twentieth century in the USSR on the state of viticulture and winemaking and the measures taken by the state to restore the industry are summarized.
Keywords: state policy, anti-alcohol company, viticulture, winemaking.

 

Brebdane A.M.

China's cultural soft power in the Arab world

Over the past decades, in addition to the achieved levels of economic and social development, the Chinese government has gradually paid great attention to the development of its "soft power" in many aspects, including interest in the development of cultural and creative industries, which have developed to make China an important place at the international level. In the Arab world, China's cultural soft power, through its instruments: scholarships and student exchanges, Confucius institutions and the media industry, has played an important role in strengthening cultural relations and exchanges with Arab countries and has reached an unprecedented level. However, there are still some challenges China faces in building up Chinese soft power in the Arab world.
Keywords: soft power, cultural exchange, Confucius Institutes, media industry, Arab world, China.

 

Gavrilyuk N.P.
Makarova E.M.

Practice and trends in building economic relations between Russia and Belarus in the conditions of formation and development of the union state

The article attempts to analyze the general trends and practices of interaction between the two state entities within the framework of the Union State, to trace in more detail the features of building relations in matters of economic development and cooperation. The study focuses on the prerequisites for building stable relations between Russia and Belarus, on the influence of foreign policy and international factors when signing various agreements on cooperation and integration, and the role of political leaders of the two states.
Keywords: Republic of Belarus, Union State, integration processes, interstate cooperation, economy, energy sector.

 

Singuwa Chimuka

The problems of cross-border migration in the context of SADC regional integration

People migrate to escape poverty and conflict, to seek protection from the persecution or serious harm, or to build a better life. Migration in Sothern Africa is frequently driven by the need to improve social and economic opportunities or to flee conditions of political insecurity. Based on the migration dynamics in the southern African Development community (SADC) region, this article focuses on the impact of cross-border migration in SADC region. The author explores some of the key issues in the migration discourse in the region, that is the main push factors influencing cross-border migration in the SADC region, as well the challenges linked to border migration. The article established that cross–border migration is a current and historical reality that impacts directly on most, if not all SADC member states- some essentially as sending countries, others essentially as receiving countries. The author concludes that cross border migration in southern Africa has played a vital role in SADC regional integration and has contributed to the economic development of SADC member states. However, the absence of a regionally accepted policy aimed at regulating migration means that illegal or undocumented cross-border migration will continue being a problem in the region.
Keywords: SADC, Cross-border migration, Southern Africa, Regional Integration, Movement of persons.

 

Rodeh Horieh

Migration flows from Syria: causes, consequences, forecasts

The military-political crisis in any country is accompanied by mass migration of its population. This paper analyzes the causes and consequences of Syrian migration during the so-called «Arab Spring». The main directions of migration - European, Turkish, Middle Eastern - have been identified. The author used such methods of historical science as problem-chronological and comparative.
Based on an analysis of the peculiarities of migration processes from Syria, it was concluded that the situation with Syrian refugees is quite complex and can only be resolved in the context of a comprehensive settlement of the conflict in the country.
Keywords: Syria, crisis, migration, refugees, demography.

 

Khubulova E.V.
Dzakhova L.H.
Khubulova S.A.

Small towns of North Ossetia as a phenomenon of the Soviet Era (to the formulation of the problem)

The article discusses issues related to the creation of new urban settlements in the North Ossetian ASSR in the second half of the twentieth century. The analysis of the material deposited (the Scientific Archive of the SOIGSI, the Central State Archive of the RSO-Alania) allowed us to draw a number of conclusions. Firstly, the formation of the urban environment often occurred on the territories of rural settlements with developed agricultural specialization; secondly, the appearance of urban-type settlements is associated with the industrial cycle in urban settlements (meaning, for example, settlements associated with the mining industry of Alagir, the production of zinc and non-ferrous metals in Vladikavkaz). Some of these settlements were created in uninhabited territories (Verkhny Zgid, Zavodskoy). Each small town had its own "face", which was determined by the city-forming enterprises and specialization. Of the 5 small towns, two have a specialization related to the processing of minerals: Mozdok - petroleum products, Alagir – ores of non-ferrous metals. The remaining small towns located in the centers of agricultural production are focused on processing agricultural raw materials – corn, vegetables, fruits. The largest production not only in Ossetia, but also in the USSR was the Beslan maize Mill, which provided starch, molasses and other types of products even abroad.
The city-forming enterprises were attractive to residents of the surrounding villages. The ITR mainly consisted of visiting specialists. The needs of production caused a demand for qualified workers, who were trained by local educational institutions. The growth of cities is also associated with changes in demographic and household characteristics. The analysis of the materials allows us to conclude that urban trends in the territory of the North Ossetian ASSR had a significant impact on the life practices of the population. This problem needs a deep and comprehensive study.
Keywords: North Ossetian ASSR, small town, urbanization, city-forming enterprises, psychology of citizens.

 

Jin Lipeng

Study on the development of Luoyang palace city in Han and Wei dynasties

As the starting point of the planning of the ancient capital city of China, the palace city plays an important role in the whole country. For the first time in the Han and Wei dynasties, especially in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Luoyang City was clearly defined as an important part of the capital city planning, which was a milestone in the development history of palace city in ancient China. This paper combines the study of archaeological findings and historical literature, the formation of the palace city of Luoyang City, quantity, development, management, thus points out that the palace city of Luoyang of Han and Wei Dynasties reflected the standard of the planning of ancient Chinese capital, and the ruling thought of building the neutrality of the emperor in ancient Chinese society.
Keywords: Palace City, Luoyang City of Han and Wei Dynasties, Chinese Archaeology, Ancient Chinese urban planning, Archaeology excavation of the Archaeology Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Science.

 

Shpakovskaya M.A.
Nuri Asadulla

Development of relations between Afghanistan and India: main directions and trends (2001-2016)

The development of the situation in Afghanistan is of unconditional interest to all the countries of the region, as well as to the great powers that have their own interests here. It is these interests and the geopolitical rivalry associated with them that determine the strategic importance of Afghanistan at the present moment and in the near future.
Keywords: Afghanistan, history, prospects, development, countries.

 

Zhao Dongxu

Military-political cooperation between Russia and China in 1991-2020

Arms deliveries are an important indicator of the level of strategic trust between countries. The purpose of this study is to analyze and generalize the historical experience of diplomatic relations between these states on issues of military-political cooperation. As the subject of the study, doctrinal and empirical sources were used, which reflect the issues of military-political cooperation between the PRC and the Russian Federation in the period from 1991 to 2020. Article explores how the aftermath of the 2014 Crimean crisis has affected Russian-Chinese arms trade relations as Russia sought to limit supplies to China. The article begins with a historical overview of Russian-Chinese relations in the arms trade, and then analyzes the impact of Russian supplies on China's military modernization from 1991 to 2020. As a methodological basis for the study, the author uses the conceptual basis of the theory of political realism, which is reflected in the theory of "offensive realism" by J. Mearsheimer and in the idea of "moral realism" by Yan Xuetong. The study used a set of general scientific, historical, political and sociological methods. As a result of the study, the author formulates conclusions regarding the strengthening of Russian-Chinese military relations, which may ultimately lead to more equal relations in the joint development of weapons.
Keywords: Russia, China, military-political cooperation, Russian-Chinese strategic partnership, arms supplies, joint exercises, northeast Asia, cooperation on territorial disputes.

 

Ndongo Nlate Jean Martial

Russia’s diplomacy of education in Africa: the case of the People's Friendship University (RUDN)

Africa is a key geo-economic and geopolitical issue for many state actors. It is in this context that growing relations with emerging powers such as Russia are being forged. And it is up to the latter to define new, more subtle strategies to assert its interests on the African scene. It is in this perspective that the scientific diplomacy centred on the Russian University of Friendship of Peoples (RUDN), as a tool of influence in Africa, fits. This article is a contribution to the analysis of the issues surrounding the contribution of RUDN to the African policy of the Russian Federation. More precisely, it aims to decipher the motives behind the development of relations between the said university and those in Africa. A country animated by many contrasts and, what is more, in a global cultural field traditionally controlled by well-established Western powers, Russia is capitalising on its pivotal university, a way of opting for soft power, with the triple aim of clearing a path, nurturing its current rise and posing as a ‘‘responsible’’ and ‘‘conciliatory’’ power.
Keywords: Russia, Africa, PFUR, scientific diplomacy, geopolitics, soft power, power, culture, education, cooperation, University.

 

Shpakovskaya M.A.
Ponka T.I.
Chan Zuy Tkhan

Vietnamese-Chinese cooperation in the field of international security

The proposed article is devoted to the interaction between Vietnam and China in the field of security, namely, in the field of countering transnational crime, international terrorism, extremism, illegal drug trafficking, illegal migration, illegal transportation of weapons, etc. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of cooperation between China and Vietnam in these areas. The theoretical basis of the study was structural realism, which made it possible to consider bilateral cooperation as a tool for strengthening the potential of the two states in the most significant areas for them. The author notes that both sides pay great attention to interaction on security issues both at the official political, party, and at the public, expert level, given that this issue, due to the geographical location of the states and the presence of a common border between them, as well as due to access to the South China Sea directly affects the national security of both states. Interaction is implemented on the basis of the concepts and approaches of states, as well as the so-called. "strategic vision" of the analyzed relations between the two states. The author highlights such interaction tools as regular meetings at the highest level and at the level of relevant ministries, special structures, the activities of special bilateral and multilateral working groups, border activities, joint exercises and special operations, joint border control, as well as the development of new security mechanisms. and further practical use of these mechanisms. Vietnam and China demonstrate a high level of interest in the development of the current tools of interstate interaction, which generally has a favorable effect on the approaches of states to resolving situational contradictions in the field of security.
In conclusion, the author comes to the conclusion that the peculiarity of the interaction between Vietnam and China on security issues is approached comprehensively, at all levels, both along the vertical of power of the two states, and in such areas as the interaction of society, the interaction of special profile structures and divisions, public organizations (discussion of initiatives in the field of employment, employment, cross-border trade, taking into account the interests of entrepreneurs, etc.), as well as in the direction of legal interaction between the two states, which allows for cooperation in the field of security on a regular, stable and systematic basis.
Keywords: security issues in the Asia-Pacific region, Vietnam, China, South China Sea, national security, security cooperation.

  

 

Authors

Brebdane A.M., PhD student, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Chan Zuy Tkhan, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations. Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Dzakhova L.H., Doctor of Political History, Professor; Head of the Department of Philosophy and Social Disciplines of the Faculty of History North Ossetian State University (Vladikavkaz).
Gasanova R.S., 3rd year postgraduate student of the Department of General and Russian History, Moscow City Pedagogical University.
Gavrilyuk N.P., Candidate of Historical Sciences. Associate Professor of the Department of History of the Institute of History and Law, Kaluga State University.
Jin Lipeng, PhD student of the Department of Ancient and Medieval history of the Belarusian State University.
Khubulova E.V., Candidate of Historical Sciences, V.I. Abayev North Ossetian Institute of Humanities and Social Studies - Branch of Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Vladikavkaz).
Khubulova S.A., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Stavropol Pedagogical Institute (Essentuki).
Kurmyshkina O.N., Scientific researcher. Scientific Center for Social and Economic Monitoring.
Makarova E.M., IV-year student of the Institute of History and Law of the Kaluga State University.
Mihailova N.V., Professor of the Department of Political Analysis and Management PFUR, Doctor of Political Sciences.
Motkin V.N., Leading scientific researcher, Candidate of sociological sciences. GKU RM "Scientific Center for Socio-Economic Monitoring" (Saransk).
Ndongo Nlate Jean Martial, Assistant lecturer at the department of Theory and History of International Relations. People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN).
Nuri Asadulla, PhD student, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Ponka T.I., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations. Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Rodeh Horieh, PhD student, Department of History and Archeology of International Relations, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia.
Shpakovskaya M.A., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Singuwa Chimuka, Postgraduate study, PhD candidate. Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. Assistant lecturer at the Department of Foreign Languages. ORCID identifier - 0000-0002-0812-9234.
Sorochan V.V., Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences. Associate Professor, Department of Informatics and Information Technology, Engineering and Technology Institute, Kaluga State University.
Zhao Dongxu, Graduate student. Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.